Annotated Bibliography on Anne Bradstreet Poem free essay sample

In the beautiful poem, â€Å"Before the Birth of One of Her Children†, Anne Bradstreet expresses her feelings honestly and openly. The poem is written to her husband, and it addresses her fear of not surviving childbirth and what she would want her husband to do if that was the case. One of the main ideas that I found to be most evident was the love that she expresses in her poem. She says to her husband, â€Å"And if thou love thy self, or loved’st me, These O protect from step-dame’s injury. Bradstreet not only cares for and loves her husband, but she has a passionate love for her unborn child. Another prominent theme is Bradstreet’s acknowledgement of the possibility of death. She faces her fear, knowing it is inevitable and could occur when she gives birth, which she points out by telling her husband about how he might â€Å"lose his friend. We will write a custom essay sample on Annotated Bibliography on Anne Bradstreet Poem or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † She also tells him how she wants to be remembered, which is clearly seen when she says, â€Å"If any worth or virtue were in me, Let thy live freshly in thy memory. † In this poem, it is clear that she feels love and a strong maternal bond with her child even though there is the possibility she will never meet him/her. â€Å"Before the Birth of One of Her Children† is a wonderful illustration of Anne Bradstreet’s loving character as well as her facing her fear of death. REACTION TO ONE OF THE MAIN IDEAS: This poem really resonated with me because I felt like it can be applicable to my own life. Not exactly in the same way of dying through childbirth, but through the love, honor, and sacrifice that she expresses through this poem. Although Anne Bradstreet has never met the child she refers to in this poem since she has not given birth yet, it is evident that she is filled with love for him/her. She tells her husband to take very good care of them, just like she would do if she survives. I think her example of love is a great example to everyone, especially for us Christians. The love that she shows is unconditional and sacrificial, just like the love Jesus has for us. I think Anne Bradstreet’s possible death is also symbolic to Jesus’ death; she would be dying for her child, and Jesus died on the cross for His children as well. The difference, of course, lies in the fact that we can have a relationship with Jesus even though He died for us, but I still think there is a lot of significance between the two. She wants her husband to do whatever it takes to care for her children if she cannot be there, and God always cares for His children as well. I think the type of love that Anne Bradstreet demonstrates through this poem is something that we should try to be practice in our daily lives. It may be through little things, but we have the incredible opportunity to allow God’s love to flow through us each and every day of our lives!

Martin Luther Essays (504 words) - Apocalypticists,

Martin Luther Martin Luther In this paper I will write about Martin Luther and how I agree with what he did for our religious beliefs. I feel that any person who will stand up for what he or she believes in is best thing you could do. If no one ever stood up for what they believed in then we wouldnt be free like we are today. I will include some quotes from my readings to give a brief description as to why I agree. I would first like to say that when Martin Luther was hit by a bolt of lightning and decided that he would have to enter a monastery, because he hoped that a penitential life would help him overcome his sense of guilt. This makes it obvious that he believes in god and doing right will give him salvation. Therefore when he started to go against the Catholic beliefs, it wasnt because no one else could believe in it. It was because he didnt believe in it and he thought that there were people that believed the same way he did. When in Wittenberg Luther published ninety-five theses, or statements on indulgences that he offered to debate with experts in Christian doctrine. He wrote this because this was what he believed to be correct teachings on indulgences. He felt that it was unforgivable that people should be deprived of their hard-earned money for spurious, worthless promises. I too agree with that, when I go to church and money is being collected, I dont feel like I am giving money to save my soul, I feel like I am giving money to keep the church open. If I had to give money to feel saved, then I dont think I would go to church anymore, because I feel that as long as you believe in god and are a good person that my soul will be saved. After being excommunicate by Pope Leo X, Luther continued to believe what he believed in. He declared I cannot and will not recant anything, since it is unsafe and wrong to go against my conscience. Here I stand. I cannot do otherwise. God help me. Amen. Luther then went and developed his ideas and shaped them into a formal set of beliefs that influenced most of the subsequent variations of Protestant Christianity. These doctrines have remained the basis of Lutheranism ever since. The influence that this first Protestant Church was to exert on all of European life was immense. The idea that all believers were equal in the eyes of God inspired revolutionary changes in though and society. It justified anitmonarchical constitutional theories, it allowed people to feel that all occupations were equally worthy and that there was nothing wrong with the life of the merchant or even the money-lender and it undermined the hierarchic view of the universe. Lutheranism made people more self-reliant, because independent and pioneering behavior was far from new. History Essays

Common sense in Salem Essay Example

Common sense in Salem Essay Example Common sense in Salem Essay Common sense in Salem Essay Witchcraft is ipso facto, on its face and by its nature, an invisible crime is it not? Therefore who may possibly be witness to it? The witch and the victim. In Arthur Millars The Crucible logic and superstition are manipulated and entwined in a re-enactment of the Salem witch trials in America in the 1690s. The governing system of Salem is a theocracy; the religious heads of the society make decisions and have power. Because the bible states that witches exist, when accusations of witchcraft start theyre taken as being reasonable before considering the circumstances surrounding them, thus superstition overcomes reason. Millar makes vivid the triumph of superstition by the symbolism of light in settings; light being symbolic of reason or goodliness and darkness being of evil or superstitions, His use of characterization of two key characters Proctor and Rebecca Nurse who are convicted and by the use of plot development, and also of reverend Hales conflicting views throughout the play. Millar makes vivid the triumph of superstition over common sense by the use of imagery and the symbolism of light in the settings in The Crucible. In the first description of the reverends house, where Betty fakes her illness, there is a symbolic image of light; there is a narrow window at the left. Through its leaded panes the morning sunlight streams. This depicts a small window letting cracks of light into the room. The significance of the light entering being sunlight is important as the sun is often associated with gods, especially in the culture of American Indians who believe that the sun is their god. The sun comes from high above, like heaven, which is significant as the small cracks represent the small amount of heaven and therefore reasoning that is filtering through the room. Danforth later declares we live no longer in the dusky afternoon when evil mixed itself with good and befuddled the world Danforth is directly referring to darkness as being a symbol that is disguising goodness (In the form of light). The triumph of superstition is shown by the irony of what he says because it is clear to the reader that Salems way of life is cloudier of common sense than it ever has been. The words of the supposedly highest intellectual ; who has been entrusted by the community of Salem with the right to end the lives of John Proctor, Rebecca Nurse and many others shows no reason or analysis and his decisions are based solely on superstitious accusations. It is clear here that his sense of logic and reason couldnt be more wrong, Millars presentation of this makes vivid the triumph of superstition over evil. In the last few lines of The Crucible Elizabeth has accepted Proctors death as a condemnation of the church and has lost her husband for her cause, the common sense each of these Characters possesses is one that overcomes superstition. The goodness reflected in Elizabeth is shown in the last scene as the stage directions state that the new sun is pouring upon her face it underlines the goodness within her as heaven shines onto her. Elizabeths actions are deemed good so the actions of society are deemed bad. Thus the triumph of superstition over reason in the town is made vivid. Millar Makes vivid the triumph of superstition over reason by the characterization of Rebecca Nurse, a key characters in the Crucible. At The exposition of the play, when Reverend Hale meets Rebecca Nurse he states that we have heard of your great charities as far as Beverly this shows that Rebecca has a great deal of respect as a devout Christian woman not only in Salem but also abroad. There is a class system in Salem based on the Christian standing of the individual, Rebecca nurse therefore was in the highest class and had the highest level of respect in the town. It took little persuasion for the townspeople to believe that someone who was in a low class, and whose morals were questionable, was in fact a witch. To convict a low class citizen is a triumph of superstition over reason but not a great one. However when the highest members of standing in the town are convicted of witchcraft it is really made vivid to the reader that the members of the community which accept and condone the sentencing have let superstition overcome their reason and common sense Rebecca Nurse is no Bridget that lived three year with Bishop before she married him. Thus Millar depicts the triumph of superstition over common sense by the progression of how higher class members will be accepted as being guilty in the court. The triumph is made vivid by the conviction of Rebecca Nurse; the epitome of good in Salem, because her life has been completely pure no logic could declare her a witch therefore superstition has completely triumphed. Millar also characterizes John Proctor who is also very upper-class, he is spoken of by Cheever: I know this man all my life, it is a good man, sir this stands as a character reference and shows his good standing. John is later convicted of witchcraft for defending his wife; an action the reader would deem as being honorable. He is sentenced to hang when he will not confess to witchcraft, yet it is common knowledge that John Proctor is no Isaac Ward that drank his family to ruin John Proctor is a respectable man who is an unlikely candidate for witchcraft. After the sentencing of his wife, John states that God is dead the Judges take this as being heretical, yet if they examined it with reason they would see that he means that God is not being fairly represented in the court, their blindness to see fairly shows their lack of common sense, this combined with their tendency to believing superstitious accusations which are not factual, show the triumph of superstition over common sense in Salem, it is made vivid by the progression in which they will un-hesitantly condemn a person of such high standing in the community to death .

Persronal statment 672737 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Persronal statment 672737 - Essay Example While I did not succeed in repairing the watch that marked the inception of a desire that would later land me at the university studying electrical engineering. The career is as interesting as it is challenging. Dedication is a personality trait that best describes my personality. I set priorities and order my life based on the same. I developed my interest in electronics by overcoming the numerous challenges i faced in the course. I for example honed my skills in mathematics and physics two of the most vital subjects that influenced my suitability to pursue the course at the university. I did not like the two subjects from early in life. However, I dedicated my efforts in improving my grades with every exam. Eventually, I succeeded in the two subjects. My ability to develop interests in the two subjects typify he dedication and the effort I always invest in achieving my set objectives in life. I concentrate and remain faithful to my priorities until I achieve my set goals. I work best in a team. Teamwork is vital in enhancing productivity. I learnt the value of teams in my primary education when I developed interest in football. Teamwork would enhance the success of my team. Professionally, teamwork is vital since it pools various abilities and skills thereby improving the quality of the work. Additionally, one is likely to learn from colleagues. I therefore have effective interpersonal skills and communication skills capable of facilitating my interactions with others in the team. My diplomatic approach to issues and conflicts is always instrumental in resolving any conflict that may arise in teams. This enhances the efficiency of my teams. Additionally, I have good leadership qualities and have served in various leadership positions. I served as a prefect in high school. Furthermore, I was the captain of the football team in the school. The two leadership positions helped hone my leadership qualities. I am

Reflecting on whether it is in the best interests of the business Essay

Reflecting on whether it is in the best interests of the business community for there to be constraints on a government's disc - Essay Example Nevertheless, this report looks at the nature of fiscal and monetary policy and implementation may affect business specifically with regard to investment. In the end, the report postulate that there is little effect resulting from expansionary fiscal policy and that it has little effect on demand, output, and employment. Also, the report notes the important role business community should play in fiscal and monetary policy making since they constitute the largest group that get affected by these policies. Governmental Discretion over Fiscal and/or Monetary Policy Introduction Business activities are affected by different factors macro and microenvironment operation environment. While microenvironment sometimes may be within the control of the organization, macro-environment –on the other hand involves external factors that affect the business, which in turn may define the success or the failure of the organization. For example, macro-environment spans politics, economics, socia l matters, technology, legislation, and eco-environment (Elearn Limited and Pergamon Flexible Learning 2005). Political environment particularly legislative environment constitutes specific set of external business environment that business communities in any given country have been forced to adhere to. For example, monetary and fiscal policy process in any country has affected business in the positive way or negative way given the nature of the particular legislation law. Therefore, the focus of this paper will dwell on investigating and finding out whether it is in the best interests of the business community for there to be constraints on government discretion over fiscal and monetary policy. Exploring the concept of fiscal and monetary policy Both fiscal and monetary policies are seen to be interrelated and key tools to the development of many countries especially the developing one. For instance, fiscal policy constitute all measures that are adopted in order to increase the ge neral welfare through the public control of resources by means of public spending, resource mobilization and price fixation in public and semi-public enterprises (Elearn Limited and Pergamon Flexible Learning 2005). Today, fiscal policy has been embraced as a toll of development strategy when analyzed in broadest sense it can be seen that it provides a set of instruments to pursue both the best use of resources in terms of efficiency and equity and their maximum possible use in terms of employment, price stability and satisfactory rate of growth (Mukherjee 2007). Exhibiting characteristics of monetary policy, fiscal policy performs a very critical and beneficial role in the economy and analysis has shown this kind of policy performs two important roles in the economy with regard to raising financial resources for development (Mukherjee 2007). First, fiscal policy constitutes a set of mechanisms that ensure the country’s employment level is maintained at its full capacity and as such, the aggregate capacity to save does not go down (Mukherjee 2007). Secondly, it helps to raise the marginal propensity to save of the community above the average propensity to the maximum extent possible without discouraging work effort or violating the law of equity (Mukherjee 2007). Fiscal, together with monetary policy, are seen to be two

SMP And MPP Databases Analysis

SMP And MPP Databases Analysis It has by now become a compulsion to implement Data Warehouses and Decision Support systems in almost all the major organizations. Almost every form of organization is investing heavily in building Warehouses across the multiple functions they implement. Data Warehouses, with their large volumes of integrated, consistent and conformed data, provide the competitive edge by enabling business establishments to analyze past and current trends, monitor current patterns and shortcomings and make informed future decisions. The size of the average Data Warehouse is growing exponentially with each year with organizations looking increasingly to gather every bit of information possible into the warehouse. Modern day ETL tools provide excellent support to integrate from varying and disparate sources like Mainframes, Relational databases, XML files, unstructured documents like PDFs, emails and web pages. It is not just the size of the Data Warehouse that is increasing, but also the utility and the functionality that is expected out of it, that is seeing a multi fold increase. A large number of advanced and high performance Business Intelligence applications Reporting, Dashboards, Scorecards, Data Mining and Predictive modeling are now executed over the Data Warehouse and these applications execute highly complex queries accessing large volumes of data. These requirements the ever growing size of the Data Warehouse and the increasing complexity of the queries executed against it has necessitated the need to look for alternate architectures and implementations of relational databases that can scale up effectively to support efficient querying across large volumes of data with shorter response time and consequently raised the debate of going MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) enabled databases over SMP (Symmetrical multi processors) structured data bases. II. SMP (Symmetrical multiprocessor) Symmetrical multiprocessor systems are single systems containing multiple processors (2 64, or even higher) in which a common pool of memory and disk I/O resources are shared equally. These systems are controlled by a centralized operating system. Sharing of system resources by the processors enables them to be managed more effectively. Very high speed interconnections are deployed across the SMP systems to allow effective interconnection and equal sharing of memory and resources. Apart from high bandwidth, low communication latency is another important property that SMP systems should possess to demonstrate high levels of scalability. This is necessitated by often employed operations in data warehouse such as index lookups and joins that involve communication of small data packets. If the amount of data present in each message is less, then the importance of low latencies is paramount. In SMP , multiple cpus share the same memory, board, I/O and operating system. Each and every CPU acts independently. When one CPU handles a database lookup, other CPUs can perform database updation and perform other tasks. As a result, the device will be able to handle the highly complex networking tasks of todays world in a very easy way. Thus SMP systems too involve a degree of parallelism in that multiple processors can be used to perform mutually exclusive operations in parallel. SMP are relatively cheaper when compared to MPP databases. The cost of upgrading is also lesser because as we scale the number of processors, only an additional processor board needs to be added. Processing power can thus easily and seamlessly be increased by adding extra processors. However SMP have the limitation that they can only scale so far. As all cpus on the same board share a single memory bus, there is a chance of bottlenecks to occur. This bottleneck impacts performance and slows down processing. Instead of placing too many number of CPUs on the same SMP board, designers of high-end network elements can distribute applications across a networked cluster of SMP boards. Each board has its own memory array, I/O and operating system. However this approach begins to complicate the up gradation. Network -specific codes has to be added by network managers to applications. Also as drivers are tightly bound to kernel, moving them involve creation of a new kernel image for each board. III. MPP (Massively parallel processor) Massively parallel systems are composed of many nodes. Each node is a separate computer having a minimum of one cpu and also has its own memory which is local to it. There is a connection also for connecting all the nodes. These type of systems have separate ALUs that runs in parallel fashion. Various standards like MPI are used by nodes for communication. Message passing mechanism is used by nodes for communication. Each node in a massively parallel processor system is accessed with the help of an interconnect technique. The technique supports transfer of data which is at the rate of 13 to 38 MB/sec. Every node in the system contains CPU, disk subsystems and memory. These nodes are self sufficient nodes. The system can be considered as a shared nothing system. Shared nothing indicates that the nodes have their own memory, OS and I/O subsystems, nothing is shared. These systems are designed to have good scalability. Also these systems allow the addition of any number of processors to the system. In cases where partitioning of problems are possible, MPP systems exhibit good performance. In that case there will be no communication among nodes and all the nodes work in parallel fashion. But this partitioning occurs only in rare situations and therefore the performance that MPP systems promises to exhibit is reduced. Such partitioning occurs in the case of ad-hoc queries that are typical to datawarehouses. Also the high scalability that MPP systems offer is limited by data skew or when communication between nodes in the system is highly needed. Single node failure reduces not only the power required for processing but also makes the data located at that node inaccessible. In industries, single-processor nodes which are termed as thin are augmented with multiprocessor nodes which are termed as fat with the help of many processors in SMP configuration. In such cases, the MPP nodes will have many number of processors and less number of nodes. The architecture of MPP includes a group of independent nodes which are of shared-nothing type. Each node has cpu, local disks and memory. Message based interconnect connects all these together. IV. DEPLOYING DATA WAREHOUSE Now that we have discussed in brief the inherent differences between an SMP and an MPP, the below section details the considerations that have to be taken into account while deploying a Data Warehouse. The main consideration when deploying data warehouses are that they should be able to extract meaningful and un-obvious, information from large amounts of data . They can use techniques such as relational intra-query parallelization, on-line analytical processing (OLAP), data mining, and multidimensional databases for the extraction. To perform these analyses, systems that are powerful require access to many times the amount of data that is stored in any one of a companys operational systems. Organizations deploy data warehouses by transferring data periodically from on-line transaction processing (OLTP) databases into data warehouses. These are implemented at fixed schedules via ETL routines that execute at pre-defined intervals in a day. The ETL routines could also execute weekly/monthly and quarterly for sources that provide information at that frequency. Since the databases used in data warehouses are different from the operational OLTP source systems, the ETL from the source systems to the Data warehouse can be a resource-intensive operation involving data extraction, data cleansing and conforming of the data. The amount of storage needed is staggering as well with the entire operations of the company integrated within the Data warehouse sales, orders, operations, finance etc . As the usefulness of this data is not predictable in the beginning, all of the companys data is usually stored in a data warehouse . Data warehouses pose a constant challenge of rapid deployment of application. In the case of OLTP systems the workload is predictable and can be managed with careful tuning. While in the case of data warehouses, they constantly changes whenever new applications are created. Because of their constantly-changing nature, all data warehouses require custom configuration. Factors to consider when deploying data warehouse 1) Complexity of Query: Query complexity ranges from canned queries that are simple to data mining using techniques in artificial intelligence. Canned queries make use of optimized, pre-compiled SQL which may be used in answering questions which are simple and are repeated frequently. Complex data analysis is done using ad-hoc queries which are written in SQL. Also those queries that support operations in data mining are very much complicated . Such queries are not written in SQL and they are difficult to optimize also. Intensive methods like neural nets, genetic programs etc are used by these queries. 2) Workload in Database: Workloads of decision support systems varies from interactive operation to batch operation. Data visualization packages uses access to data warehouse that are interactive. Such packages extract data trends with the help of executing pre-compiled queries. 3) System Architecture: DSS makes use of the technology, parallel processing. Parallel computing architectures range varies in the extent to which memory is hierarchical. Memory is accessed uniformly by symmetric multiprocessors with the help of high-speed buses or crossbar switching technologies. These technologies support point-to point interconnection between processors. Groups of SMP systems are used by clustered approaches. These are linked with interconnection mechanisms which are of slower speed. MPP systems use nodes containing local memory that are accessed through a local high-speed bus. Communication among nodes are carried out through message-based interconnects which are of lower speed. VI. NEED FOR SCALABLE DATA WAREHOUSES The size of a Data warehouse grows rapidly in size and the growth cannot easily be accurately anticipated. Data warehouse implementations often start small and grow as the volume of data and the demands increase. Data warehouses are often deployed with a few processors in the beginning, and can support many times the initial processing capability. Properties When more number of processors are added to an SMP, or nodes are added to an MPP, it is important that system should scale. Ideally, a Data Warehouse system should exhibit two properties to show good levels of scalability speed-up and scale-up. 1) Speed-up: It is the property demonstrated, in which if a job needs one time unit to complete with one processor then it will need 1/N of the time to complete with N processors. For example, consider a job that needs five hours to complete with one processor , it needs only one hour to complete with five processors. Then we say that the system scales well. 2) Scale-up: It is another important property. Consider a system with excellent scale-up. It provides the same level of performance even if the data warehouse size increases through the addition of processors or nodes. For example, when the database size is one terabyte , a batch job that takes five hours to run will take the same time of five hours when the size is two terabytes. In order to maintain scalability, the data should be re re-partitioned across the nodes. This is a time consuming and risky process as databases are terabyte-sized . This step is not required on an SMP. Database administrators valuate scalability by checking whether the systems behavior is predictable when workload intensity increases. If the systems behavior is predictable even when the workload grows, then the system scales well. VIII. CONCLUSIONS Both SMP and MPP server databases can be used for Data warehouse implementations. There are different situations where each can be utilized. The general trade-off point on choosing between the two depends on several factors: 1.) Volume of data expected to be stored in the database. 2.) Expected number of concurrent users. 3.) Complexity of queries to be executed number of joins, aggregations etc to be used. 4.) Average volume of data accessed by each query. 5.) Anticipated growth volumes. When the number of concurrent users is less, and when the volumes are low, SMP are preferred. In fact SMP are preferred for more OLTP like environments. In contrast when the volumes are large, and the number of queries executed is large and involves complex query processing MPP server databases are preferred. These databases on account of their parallel processing capabilities can be utilized to execute complex queries more efficiently and hence offer a natural choice for typical Data warehouse implementations.

Critical Analysis of Martin Luther King, Jr.s Speech -- Papers Have D

Critical Analysis of Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Speech Introduction In this critical analysis I am going to look at Martin Luther King, Jr and the 'I have a dream' speech. Martin Luther King, Jr is very distinguished due to the many outstanding achievements he accomplished throughout his life. He was an American clergyman and he accomplished the Nobel Prize for one of the principal leaders of the American civil rights movement. King's defiance to segregation and racial discrimination in the 1950's and 1960's helped persuade many white Americans to support the cause of civil rights in the United States. Following his assassination in 1968, King became a representation of protest in the struggle for racial justice. ====================================================================== Martin Luther King, Jr, History ------------------------------- Martin Luther King was born in Atlanta, Georgia, and he was the eldest son of Martin Luther King, Sr., who was a Baptist minister. His father enlisted as a pastor of a large Atlanta church, Ebenezer Baptists, which was founded by Martin Luther Kings, Jr's maternal grandfather. King attended a segregated school, where he excelled. He then entered Morehouse College at the age of 15 and graduated with a bachelor's degree in sociology in 1948. He went on to graduate, with honours, from Crozer Theological Seminary in 1951 and enrolled in Boston University where he achieved a doctoral degree in systematic theology, in 1955. Throughout his education, King was exposed to influences that associated Christian theology to the struggles of oppressed people. At Boston University,... ...', this is putting across the idea that God wants everyone to be, even blacks, and Gods wishes should be fulfilled. My opinion I found this speech very moving and very forceful with it meaning. It has shown me how many people had to fight to get the society we live in today and to achieve the racially equal society we live in. This speech influenced my protest and control song immensely because I used his ideas of everyone being the same underneath to write my lyrics. I tired to use similar techniques in my lyrics as King did in his speech, for example, repetition. Conclusion Martin Luther King fought hard for the world we live, which some people take for granted, although there is still some racial discrimination today I feel that his teachings will go on and live with me for the rest of my life.